Discover the power of nature's remedies for wound healing. Explore the benefits of medicinal plants like Aloe vera, Turmeric, and Centella asiatica.
Medicinal
plants have long been relied upon for their healing properties, particularly in
treating wounds. Over centuries, humans have utilized these plants to address
trauma, infection, and disease, drawing from their natural compounds to aid in
the healing process. Despite not always being subjected to controlled clinical
trials, many traditional medicinal plants have been found to possess
therapeutic benefits, with some synthesizing similar compounds that target key
biological pathways crucial for wound healing. Popular examples include Aloe
vera, Turmeric, and Centella asiatica, which have garnered global recognition
for their efficacy in promoting wound healing.
Our
skin is very important for staying alive. It helps us feel things around us,
keeps our body temperature steady, holds onto important nutrients, protects us
from harm, and helps us heal when we get hurt. People have been taking care of
their wounds for a very long time. In the past, they used whatever they could
find nearby, like water, dirt, plants, and animal parts. Sometimes, they also
used ceremonies or rituals to help. Many people in Asia, Africa, the Middle
East, and Latin America still use natural remedies made from local plants,
animals, and other natural things to treat wounds. These remedies are often the
only option for some people. We're going to talk about some proof that shows
these natural remedies can be good and affordable ways to treat skin injuries.
Understanding
Cutaneous Wound Healing
Maintaining
balance within the body is essential for survival, and the skin plays a crucial
role in this by possessing a robust repair mechanism. Cutaneous wound healing,
the process by which the skin repairs itself after injury, involves several
phases: clotting to stop bleeding, inflammation to clean the wound, tissue
growth to fill in the injury, and remodeling to strengthen the skin. Platelets
in the blood help form clots, while immune cells like neutrophils and
macrophages work to remove debris and fight off any germs. Additionally, various
cells, such as fibroblasts and keratinocytes, work together to rebuild the
damaged tissue and restore the skin's integrity.
Challenges
with Chronic Wounds
While
most wounds heal without complications, some may become chronic, especially in
individuals with underlying health conditions like diabetes or poor blood
circulation. Chronic wounds pose significant risks, including pain, reduced
mobility, and social limitations. Moreover, they can be costly to both
individuals and healthcare systems, with millions of people affected worldwide.
Understanding the reasons behind chronic wounds, such as microbial infections
or inflammation, is crucial for developing effective treatment strategies.
Managing chronic wounds often involves removing dead tissue, controlling infections,
and maintaining an optimal environment for healing.
Treatment
Approaches and Future Directions
Effective
wound management focuses on addressing the underlying causes of chronic wounds
and promoting the healing process. Debridement, the removal of dead tissue, is
a common practice to kickstart healing by exposing healthy tissue. Dressings
play a vital role in protecting the wound from further infection and promoting
a moist environment conducive to healing. However, there is still much to learn
about optimal wound care practices, especially regarding the frequency and
timing of debridement. Future research aims to improve our understanding of
wound healing mechanisms and develop innovative therapies to enhance the
outcomes of chronic wound management, ultimately improving the quality of life
for affected individuals.
Understanding
Traditional Medicine
Traditional
medicine is often labeled in various ways by practitioners of modern medicine,
such as "alternative," "nonconventional,"
"indigenous," or "complementary." However, many traditional
practices closely resemble modern techniques, particularly in the treatment of
wounds. Traditional methods rely predominantly on natural resources like water,
plants, animals, and minerals, and they remain highly valued and widely
practiced across the globe.
Traditional
Chinese Medicine (TCM)
TCM
is rooted in ancient Chinese medical theories such as the Five-Phases and
Yin-Yang. These theories are documented in ancient Chinese medical texts like
"Shen Nong Ben Cao Jing" and "Ben Cao Gang Mu." TCM often
utilizes plants extensively, making it both effective and accessible due to its
affordability.
The
Influence of Natural Products in Medicine
Remarkably,
a significant proportion of new anticancer drugs developed from 1940 to 2002
were derived from natural products. Furthermore, approximately 73% of current
pharmaceutical products contain ingredients sourced from nature. The
therapeutic efficacy of many traditional medicines arises from natural
ingredients found within plants, though their effectiveness can vary widely
based on factors such as genotype and environmental conditions.
Meeting
Modern Demands
With
the urbanization and industrialization of pharmaceutical engineering, there is
a growing demand for standardized traditional medicine products with consistent
composition, quality, and clinical efficacy. Simultaneously, industrialization
has led to stricter product testing procedures to ensure evidence of biological
activity and clinical effectiveness.
Here
are some medicinal plants for wound healing.
Aloe vera:
For
thousands of years, people have been using Aloe vera to treat wounds, burns,
and surgical cuts. Aloe vera has natural substances like pyrocatechol and
saponins that help fight bacteria. It also contains acemannan, which boosts the
immune system and helps wounds heal faster. Applying Aloe vera to wounds can
reduce healing time.
Arctium lappa:
Arctium lappa, or burdock, is a plant used in many parts of the world to treat sore throats and skin problems like boils and acne. Studies show it has many benefits, including reducing wrinkles and improving wound healing. It also helps in cell repair and affects certain signaling pathways related to wound healing.
Astragalus
propinquus and Rehmannia glutinosa:
These roots are used in traditional medicine for conditions like urinary problems and diabetes. When combined, they have been found to help heal diabetic foot ulcers. They promote wound healing by improving blood vessel growth and reducing oxidative stress in the body.
Ampelopsis
japonica:
The
roots of this plant, found in parts of Asia and North America, have been used
traditionally for burns and ulcers. Studies show that it has properties that
protect nerves, fight infections, and even slow down cancer growth. Applying
extracts from this plant on wounds can speed up healing and improve tissue
repair.
Andrographis
paniculata:
This plant, found in parts of Asia, has been used for various ailments like fevers and infections. It has many benefits, including reducing inflammation and fighting off infections. Studies on rats have shown that it can help wounds heal faster by reducing inflammation and promoting the growth of new blood vessels.
Angelica sinensis:
The
dried root of this plant is used in traditional medicine for female health
issues, inflammation, and other conditions. It has properties that reduce
inflammation and promote cell growth. Studies have shown that it can help
wounds heal faster by stimulating cell proliferation and collagen production.
Blumea
balsamifera:
This
plant, found in tropical regions of Asia, is used in traditional medicine for
various conditions. Studies have shown that extracts from this plant can help
wounds heal faster by promoting the growth of new blood vessels and collagen
deposition.
Boswellia sacra:
Frankincense,
extracted from this plant, is used in many cultures for treating inflammatory diseases
like arthritis. Studies have shown that it can help wounds heal faster by
reducing inflammation and promoting the growth of new blood vessels. It also
helps in reducing scar formation.
Red Sappan
Wood Red sappan wood is used as a dye and in
Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) to help blood flow and reduce swelling and
pain. Some chemicals from red sappan wood can help with allergies,
inflammation, and fight certain viruses. Also, its extracts can kill certain
bacteria. Surprisingly, these extracts can also help skin wounds to heal
faster.
Marigold
Marigold is a plant often used to treat skin
issues like wounds, burns, and rashes. It has many helpful properties like
reducing inflammation, fighting bacteria and viruses, and possibly even
fighting cancer. It's not entirely clear how it helps wounds heal, but it seems
to encourage the growth of skin cells.
Green
Tea Green tea is popular in Asia for its
health benefits. It can act as an antioxidant, fight inflammation, and even
help with weight loss and heart health. One of its main compounds, EGCG, seems
to help skin by promoting the growth of healthy cells and reducing scarring. It
also helps with blood vessel growth, which is important for healing wounds.
Safflower
Safflower
seeds are used to make cooking oil and also have been used in Traditional
Chinese Medicine (TCM) for blood problems. Recent studies show it has many
health benefits like improving blood flow, fighting inflammation, and even
possibly preventing cancer. It also has some benefits for skin, like helping
wounds heal faster.
Silver
Cock's
Comb Silver cock's comb is used in traditional medicine for various skin
issues. Its leaves have antioxidants and other helpful properties that can
protect the liver, help with diabetes, and fight infections. Some research
shows it can help wounds heal faster too.
Asiatic
Pennywort
Asiatic pennywort has been used for a long time to help wounds heal. Studies
show that extracts from this plant can improve healing in both rats and guinea
pigs. It seems to help by increasing collagen, which is important for skin
health.
Cinnamon
Cinnamon is a common spice known for its
flavor, but it also has some health benefits. It can improve blood flow, reduce
inflammation, and even help with diabetes. Some compounds in cinnamon can also
help wounds heal by promoting the growth of new blood vessels.
Myrrh
Myrrh
is a resin with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. It's been used
for a variety of health issues and can help with pain and infections. Some
studies suggest it can also help wounds heal faster.
Turmeric
Turmeric is a spice often used in cooking and
traditional medicine. It has many health benefits, including reducing
inflammation and possibly preventing cancer. It also seems to help wounds heal
faster by encouraging the growth of healthy skin cells.
Genkwa
Genkwa is a plant used in Traditional Chinese
Medicine (TCM) for various health issues. It contains compounds that can reduce
inflammation, fight cancer, and regulate the immune system. Some research
suggests it can also help wounds heal faster.
St. Thomas Bean
St.
Thomas bean is a vine found in tropical forests. Its bark and seeds have
compounds that can reduce pain, kill bacteria, and even fight cancer. Some
studies suggest it can help wounds heal faster too.
Hibiscus
Hibiscus
is a shrub native to tropical Asia. Its flowers and leaves are used in
traditional medicine for hair growth and fertility. Studies show that extracts
from hibiscus can also help wounds heal faster by reducing inflammation and
promoting the growth of healthy skin cells.
Ganoderma
lucidum:
It's a type of mushroom called lingzhi. People
in China, Korea, and Japan think it can make them live longer. It's used in
traditional medicine to make the immune system stronger. Some studies show it
might help with fighting infections, reducing inflammation, protecting the
heart, and lowering cholesterol. It's also been linked to reducing tumors,
viruses, and high blood pressure in some people. However, more research is
needed to be sure.
Ligusticum
striatum:
This
is a plant root used in traditional medicine to help with heart and brain
health, and women's health. It contains many chemicals that can affect the
body.
Lonicera
japonica:
Also known as honeysuckle, this plant has been
used for a long time in Asia to treat infections. It's been studied and found
to have many health benefits like fighting inflammation, protecting the liver,
and helping wounds heal faster.
Paeonia
suffruticosa:
This
plant's roots are used in traditional medicine for various health problems.
Studies suggest it has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer
properties. It's also used to help heal wounds.
Panax ginseng:
This plant is popular in Asia for its
supposed ability to improve memory, boost immunity, and reduce fatigue.
Research suggests it may also help with heart health, inflammation, and
fighting cancer.
Panax
notoginseng:
Another type of ginseng used in traditional
medicine. It might help stop bleeding, reduce swelling and pain, and has many
other health benefits.
Polygonum cuspidatum:
Its
roots are used in traditional medicine for various illnesses. Studies show it
has anti-inflammatory, anti-aging, and wound-healing properties.
Lithospermum
erythrorhizon:
This
plant's root has many health benefits like fighting inflammation and cancer.
It's also been studied for its potential to heal scars.
Rheum officinale:
Also known as Chinese rhubarb, this plant's
roots are used for constipation and other health issues. It contains substances
that fight bacteria, reduce inflammation, and help wounds heal faster.
Rhodiola imbricata:
A
plant found in high altitudes. It contains substances that might help with
wound healing, boost the immune system, and protect the liver and heart.
Red Sage (Salvia
miltiorrhiza)
Red
sage is a plant whose root is used in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) to
treat diseases related to the brain and heart, like stroke and heart disease.
It has been shown to help reduce tissue damage and improve survival after
certain surgeries. Some chemicals in red sage act as antioxidants, protecting cells
from damage. It also seems to be good for the liver and brain, fights
infections, reduces inflammation, and may help fight cancer. The main benefit
seems to be in protecting the heart by helping blood vessels grow and reducing
damage during heart injuries. Certain extracts from red sage help skin cells
grow and produce collagen, which is good for healing wounds.
Great Burnet
(Sanguisorba officinalis)
Great burnet is a plant used traditionally to
stop bleeding and treat skin problems. It has substances that protect against
cell damage, boost the immune system, reduce inflammation, and fight allergies.
It's used for various skin issues like burns, eczema, and allergic reactions.
Extracts from this plant can stop certain cells from releasing chemicals that
cause inflammation. In studies on mice, it helped wounds heal faster and
increased the production of substances needed for healing.
Ku Shen (Sophora
flavescens)
Ku
Shen is a plant used for heart, liver, and skin problems. Studies show it may
fight cancer, bacteria, viruses, and inflammation, and help with itching. It
might also be used to lighten skin and treat hair loss. In one study, a mixture
of Ku Shen and other herbs helped reduce ulcers in rats and decreased
inflammation.
Ba Dou (Stemona
tuberosa)
Ba
Dou is a plant used to kill insects and treat skin infections. It has chemicals
that reduce inflammation and kill bacteria. Some of these chemicals also help
wounds heal by promoting cell growth.
Creeping Oxeye
(Wedelia trilobata)
Creeping
oxeye is a plant used to treat pain, wounds, and arthritis. One of its
components protects nerve cells and fights cancer and inflammation. In tests,
extracts from this plant helped skin cells grow and killed certain bacteria.
Sichuan Pepper
(Zanthoxylum bungeanum)
Sichuan pepper is a plant used for pain relief
and skin problems. It has many different chemicals that have various effects,
like reducing pain, fighting cancer, and protecting against cell damage. The
outer part of the fruit is used in traditional medicine for oils and powders.
Extracts from this plant are also used to treat skin issues like acne and
eczema. They may also help reduce wrinkles when applied to the skin.
Additionally, the plant's oils might help other medications pass through the
skin.
Conclusion
For
a long time, plants have been used to treat injuries and sickness. People have
learned to use plants for medicine over thousands of years. Many of these
traditional medicines have been found to help, although not all have been
tested in scientific studies. Surprisingly, some plants make similar chemicals,
even if they're not related. These chemicals can target the same things in our
bodies that help wounds heal.
We
summarized information about these medicinal plants in a table. Although we
have experimental evidence for each plant, we haven't confirmed exactly how
each one works. However, we know some specific chemicals from certain plants,
like Aloe vera and Turmeric, are good for healing wounds. These plants are
well-known in many places around the world for their medicinal properties.
GAMDOL (BRACHYCORYTHIS OBCORDATA)
GHUCHI CHYAU (MORCHELLA ESCULENTA)
INDRAYANI (Trichosanthes tricuspidata )
JIWANTI (Ephemeranlha macrael)
JIWANTI (OTOCHILLUS PORRECTUS)
KAKAD SINGHI (Pistacia Khinjuk )
KHAS KHAS (Vetiveria zizanioides )
KUTKI (PICRORHIZA SCROPHULARIIFLORA)
PAINLETI / DESI NEEM (MURRAYA KOENIGII)
BHALAYO (SEMECARPUS ANACARDIUM)
BHALE-SUNPATI (RHODODENDRON LEPIDOTUM)
BHRINOAR.AJ (ECLIPTA PROSTRATA)
BHUI AMALA (PHYLLANTHUS AMARUS)
CHHATIWAN (ALSTONIA SCHOLARIS)
CHIRAITO (SWERTIA ANGUSTIFOLIA)
CHIRAITO (Swertia bimaculata )
CHIRAITO (Swertia multicaulis)
DATIWAN (ACHYRANTHES BIDENTATA )
DHASINGARE (Gaultheria fragrantissima)
DRONAPUSPA (LEUCAS CEPHALOTES)
GOBRESALLA / TALISPATRA (ABIES SPECTABILIS)
GUJARGANO (CISSAMPELOS PAREIRA)
INDRAJAU ( Holarrhena pubescens )
JAMANE MANDRO (MAHONIA NEPAULENSIS)
JATAMANSI (NARDOSTACHYS GRANDIFLORA)
KAKAD SINGHI (Pistacia chinensis)
KAKOLI ( Fritillaria cirrhosa)
KALO SHARIVA (CRYPTOLEPIS BUCHANANII)
KALO SHARIVA (ICHNOCARPUS FRUTESCENS)
KALO-BIKHA (ACONITUM LACINIATUM)
LAGHU PATRA (PODOPHYLLUM HEXANDRUM)
Medicinal Plants of Nepal! Preserving the Past, Healing the Future
NAGEBELI (LYCOPODIUM CLAVATUM)
PANCHAUNLE (Dactylorhiza hatagirea)
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