गिठ्ठा, भ्याकुर (Potato Yam, Wild Yam) ~ NepalAyurveds.com

Sunday

गिठ्ठा, भ्याकुर (Potato Yam, Wild Yam)

वैज्ञानिक नाम: M Dioscorea bulbifera L., Dioscorea deltoidea Wall. ex Griseb.

परिवार: Dioscoreaceae

परिचय

नेपालमा पाइने १३ प्रजातिहरूमध्ये Dioscorea bulbifera र Dioscorea deltoidea व्यावसायिक रूपमा धेरै प्रयोग हुने प्रजातिहरू हुन्। यी दुवै बहुवर्षीय लहरा वर्गका वनस्पतिहरू हुन्। गिठ्ठा र भ्याकुर दुवैका

पातहरू आँख्लाबाट मात्र पलाउने, मुटु आकारका, पातका नशाहरू स्पष्ट देखिने हुन्छन्। यी वनस्पतिहरूको फूल आँखा झुप्पाबाट निस्किएर फुल्छन्, र हरियो पहेंलो रङ्गका हुन्छन्।

गिठ्ठा र भ्याकुरको मुख्य विशेषता भनेको यसको औषधीय गुण हो। यसको कन्दलाई तरुल जस्तै प्रयोग गर्न सकिन्छ। विशेष गरी यसको गानो खनिज तत्व र औषधीय गुणले भरिपूर्ण हुन्छ।

उपलब्धता

गिठ्ठा र भ्याकुर १५० मिटरदेखि २००० मिटरको उचाइमा पाइन्छन्, विशेष गरी नेपालको चुरे र महाभारत क्षेत्रहरूमा। यी वनस्पतिहरू नेपालका विभिन्न स्थानहरूमा स्वाभाविक रूपमा पाइनुका साथै, खेती पनि गरिएको छ।

सङ्कलन समय र व्यापारमा आउने भाग

गिठ्ठा र भ्याकुरको मुख्य व्यापारिक भाग गानो हो, जुन मंसिरदेखि माघसम्म सङ्कलन गरिन्छ। यसको गानो मोटो, तरुलजस्तै खैरो रङको हुन्छ, जसको भित्रको भाग सेतो वा हल्का पहेंलो रङको हुन्छ। यसको स्वाद केही तीतो हुन्छ।

प्रयोग र औषधीय गुणहरू

गिठ्ठा कन्दमूलको रूपमा प्रयोग गरिन्छ। यसको गानो र फल दुवै खान सकिन्छ। यसको गानोमा Diosgenin नामक रसायन पाइन्छ, जसलाई हर्मोन उत्पादन गर्ने औषधि बनाउन प्रयोग गरिन्छ। यसले महिला र पुरुषको हर्मोन सम्बन्धी समस्याहरूको उपचारमा मद्दत गर्छ।

गिठ्ठा खानेकुराको रूपमा मात्र नभई यसको औषधीय प्रयोग पनि अत्यन्त महत्वपूर्ण छ। गिठ्ठाको गानोले पाचन प्रक्रियालाई सुधार गर्न मद्दत गर्छ। साथै, यसको सेवनले शारीरिक उर्जाको वृद्धि गर्छ र शरीरलाई विभिन्न रोगहरूबाट बचाउँछ। यसमा पाइने प्राकृतिक तत्वहरूले शरीरको रक्तचाप नियन्त्रण गर्न र मधुमेहजस्ता रोगहरूको उपचारमा सहयोग गर्छ।

यसको नियमित सेवनले मेटाबोलिज्मलाई वृद्धि गराउँछ र शारीरिक स्वास्थ्य सुधार गर्न मद्दत गर्छ। पाचन समस्याहरूमा यो विशेष गरी उपयोगी मानिन्छ। साथै, गिठ्ठा प्राकृतिक एन्टी-इन्फ्लेमेटरी गुणहरू भएकोले, यसले शरीरको सूजन कम गर्न पनि सहयोग गर्छ।

संरक्षण अवस्था र व्यापारिक महत्त्व

नेपाल सरकारले गिठ्ठा र भ्याकुरलाई खेती र संरक्षणको लागि प्राथमिकता दिएको छ। यो CITIES को अनुसूची २ मा पनि पर्दछ, जसले यसको संरक्षणको महत्त्वलाई संकेत गर्छ। यसको व्यावसायिक महत्त्वका कारण यसको सही रूपमा संरक्षण गर्न आवश्यक छ।

गिठ्ठाको औषधीय गुणहरूका कारण यसको व्यापारिक मूल्य अत्यधिक छ। यसको गानोबाट विभिन्न औषधि निर्माण गरिन्छ र बजारमा यसको माग उच्च छ। विशेषगरी ग्रामीण क्षेत्रहरूमा यसको खेतीले स्थानीय समुदायहरूको आयस्रोतमा पनि योगदान पुर्‍याएको छ।

Introduction

Among 13 species found in Nepal, Dioscorea bulbifera and Dioscorea deltoidea are the two most important commercially. Both of the above-mentioned species are perennial climbing plants-the plant grows like a vine. The leaves are cordate but emerge only from the nodes. The veins of the leaf are quite distinct. Flowers come along the nodes in clusters, greenish-yellow in color.

One of the key uses of these plants is for their medicinal value. The tuber of the plant, i.e., the underground stem, along with its fruit, is edible, but the tuber is primarily used for trade purposes. These plants comprise a superior source of Diosgenin-a substance used in the synthesis of hormone-related medicines.

Availability

Those species occur within the elevation ranges from 150 to 2000 meters, especially in Chure and Mahabharat regions of Nepal. They are naturally available in various parts of the country, but they are also being cultivated due to their economic importance.

Harvesting Time and Parts Used in Trade

The tuber is the most important trade part of these plants. The collection usually occurs from December until February of the year when the tuber reaches maturity. The tuber itself, yam-like, brown in color, has small roots sprouting from it. The inner part of the tuber, white or slightly yellow, has a slightly astringent taste.

Uses, Properties and Benefits

The tuber of Dioscorea species is edible and is very much referred to by the same qualities as other root vegetables like taro or yams. It has been consumed in most of the rural areas in Nepal as a source of food during lean seasons. However, the most valuable use comes from its medicinal properties.

Diosgenin is highly concentrated in Dioscorea bulbifera and Dioscorea deltoidea. Diosgenin plays an important role in the pharmaceutical industry when it comes to the preparation of hormones, including steroid hormones for hormone replacement therapy and as contraceptives.

Pharmaceutical Applications aside, following are the health benefits this tuber could possibly have:

Digestive Aid: The tuber contains a good amount of fiber that helps regulate digestion. It may help improve bowel movement and avoid constipation.

Energy Boost: It is a quick source of energy because it contains carbohydrates; thus, it is very useful food for those who involve themselves in hard work.

Anti-inflammatory Properties: The tuber's phytochemicals have anti-inflammatory properties that reduce swelling or inflammation in the body.

Hypertension: Wild yam, if taken regularly, may also help control blood pressure due to its benefits on blood circulation.

Diabetes: This tuber may also contribute to maintaining appropriate levels of sugar in the blood, especially in people suffering from diabetes.

Traditional Uses

The tuber is one of the traditional Nepali medicines. For example, it is taken boiled to reduce symptoms of arthritis and pain in joints. Besides, it has also been considered a digestive problem medicinal plant against bloating and indigestion.

Recommended Dosage and Consumption

It is tuberous and edible but usually has recommendations for boiling or cooking, in its raw state, it might cause slight irritation. The tuber can be boiled, roasted, or even made into powder and added to various food recipes. In most cases, it is traditionally taken in small portions at any one time, particularly if it is used as medicinal.

For medicinal purposes, the dosage will depend on the nature of the illness. In instances of digestive or joint issues, 100-150 grams of boiled tuber taken several times a week has been effective. However, continuous use for medicinal purposes should not be undertaken without consulting a health professional.

Conservation Status and Commercial Importance

Dioscorea bulbifera and Dioscorea deltoidea are recognized by the Government of Nepal; this is one of the priorities in cultivation and conservation. This is important because the plants are under Appendix II of the CITES list, meaning their risk has to be managed properly.

Their commercial importance cannot be overstated. It is because of the demand in the pharmaceutical industries for Diosgenin that the tuber has become a source of great value. The cultivation of these species has also emerged as an important economic activity in rural Nepal, hence bringing considerable money income into many households.

Because of the tuber's high medicinal value, it is traded, not only within the country but also exported to other countries. This is a resource that should be conserved and cultivated properly so that it will continue to be available in the future.

Reference

Hindi To Nepali Dictionary Words Starting From बो

100 Common Nepali Slang Words with Hindi Translation: A Fun Guide to Understanding Nepali Conversations

Bridging Cultures: Daily Use Hindi Sentences in Parties with Nepali Meaning

Daily Hindi Sentences for Kids with Nepali Translations: A Simple Guide

Daily Office Sentences: Essential Hindi-Nepali Translations for Everyday Use

Daily Use Hindi Sentences for Parents with Nepali Meanings: A Guide for Everyday Conversations

Daily Use Hindi Sentences for Students with Nepali Meaning

Essential Daily Sentences for Market Conversations: Hindi to Nepali and Vice-Versa

find word you want

https://easyayurveds.com/ayurvedic-medicine-for-common-cold/

https://easyayurveds.com/ayurvedic-medicine-for-weight-loss/