Ritha (Soapnut): Nature’s Soap Treasure – Benefits, Uses, and Medicinal Properties रिठ्ठा प्राकृतिक साबुन– फाइदाहरू, प्रयोग विधि, र औषधीय गुणहरू ~ NepalAyurveds.com

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Ritha (Soapnut): Nature’s Soap Treasure – Benefits, Uses, and Medicinal Properties रिठ्ठा प्राकृतिक साबुन– फाइदाहरू, प्रयोग विधि, र औषधीय गुणहरू

रिठ्ठा (Soapnut) को परिचय

रिठ्ठा (Sapindus mukorossi Gaertn.), जसलाई नेपाली भाषामा रिठ्ठा भनिन्छ, एक प्राकृतिक साबुनको रूपमा परिचित पतझड रूख हो,

जुन १० देखि १८ मिटर सम्म अग्लो हुन्छ। यसको बोक्रा गाढा हरियो वा खैरो रंगको हुन्छ भने पातहरू हाँगाको टुप्पोमा समूहमा रहेको हुन्छ। यसमा पहेंलो अथवा प्याजी रंगका फुलहरू झुप्पामा फुल्छन्।

रिठ्ठा ६०० देखि १४०० मीटरको उचाईमा, नेपालभरि पूर्वदेखि पश्चिमसम्म पाइन्छ। तर यो पश्चिम नेपालमा पहाडी इलाकामा बढी पाइन्छ। यसको रूखहरू प्राय: अन्य रूख जस्तै चिउरी र खोटे सल्लोको साथमा छरिएर रहेको पाइन्छ। रिठ्ठाका फलहरू मंसिर महिनादेखि संकलन गर्न थालिन्छन्, र यसको प्रयोग साबुन, स्याम्पु, औषधि तथा डिटर्जेन्टको रूपमा व्यापक छ।

उपलब्धता र वितरण

रिठ्ठा नेपालका पहाडी र उपत्यकामा व्यापक रूपमा पाइने रूख हो। यो ६०० देखि १४०० मीटर उचाइको क्षेत्रमा पूर्वदेखि पश्चिमसम्म छरिएर रहेको हुन्छ। पश्चिम नेपालमा यो खासगरी चिउरी, खोटे सल्लो, र धयरो जस्ता रूखहरूको क्षेत्रमा पाइन्छ।

प्रयोग गरिने भाग र संकलन समय

रिठ्ठाको मुख्य रूपमा फल र बीउ प्रयोगमा ल्याइन्छ। यसको फल करिब २ से.मी गोलाइको हुन्छ। फलको बाहिरी भाग नरम, हल्का खैरो रंगको र छोकडाको जस्तो बोक्रा भएको हुन्छ। पुरानो भएमा फल कालो रंगको हुन्छ र भित्र कालो र कडा बीउ हुन्छ।

यसलाई सामान्यतया मंसिर महिनामा संकलन गरिन्छ। फलको बाहिरी नरम भागलाई माछा मार्न विषको रूपमा पनि प्रयोग गरिन्छ।

रिठ्ठाको औषधीय गुण र फाइदाहरू

रिठ्ठामा पाइने स्यापोनिन (Saponin) भन्ने प्राकृतिक तत्वले यसलाई औषधीय दृष्टिकोणले महत्वपूर्ण बनाउँछ। यसको प्रयोग धेरै औषधीय समस्याहरूको समाधानका लागि गरिन्छ, जस्तै:

1. खोकीको उपचार: रिठ्ठाको फलको प्रयोगले खोकीलाई शान्त पार्न मद्दत गर्छ।

2. रक्तहिनताको उपचार: रिठ्ठाको औषधीय गुणले रक्तहिनता (एनिमिया) कम गर्न सहयोग पुर्याउँछ।

3. छारे रोगको उपचार: छारे रोगको उपचारमा पनि यसको प्रयोग गरिन्छ।

अन्य फाइदाहरू र प्रयोग विधि

रिठ्ठाको फलमा स्यापोनिन हुन्छ, जसले पानीमा सम्पर्क गर्दा साबुनको रूपमा काम गर्छ। यसलाई स्याम्पु, साबुन, डिटर्जेन्ट, र कीटनाशकमा प्रयोग गरिन्छ। गाउँघरमा यसको बोक्रालाई साबुन र स्याम्पुको सट्टा प्रयोग गरिन्छ।

संरक्षणको अवस्था

नेपाल सरकारले रिठ्ठाको खेती र संरक्षणलाई प्राथमिकतामा राखेको छ। यसको खेती बढाउन र संरक्षित गर्न विभिन्न योजनाहरू अगाडि सारिएका छन्।

Introduction to Ritha - Soapnut

Ritha or Soapnut or Soapberry, scientifically known as Sapindus mukorossi, is a large deciduous tree that grows between 10 and 18 meters tall. This plant is widely known for its natural soap properties that come from the saponin of its fruits. The color of its bark ranges between dark green to brown. Leaves are pinnate, with smooth and lanceolate leaflets. It has small yellow or purplish flowers that come in clusters and make it not only useful but also beautiful.

Availability and Distribution

Ritha is spread all over Nepal-from east to west between 600 to 1400 meters altitude. However, it is most common in western parts of Nepal, especially in the company of trees like Diploknema butyracea (Chiuri) and Pinus roxburghii (Kote Sallo). Ritha trees usually grow where the trees of species like Woodfordia fruticosa are prevailing.

Harvesting Time and Parts Used

Fruit and seed are the major parts involved in trade of Ritha. Collection usually begins in November when the fruit is in its prime state. The fruit is about 2 cm in diameter, with a soft, light or dark brown, wrinkled outer shell. When it is older, the fruit becomes black. Inside is contained a hard, round, black seed, which gives off intense heat if it is rubbed against stone or cement.

Medicinal Properties and Uses of Ritha

Ritha being rich in saponin, natural soap-like constituent, gets released when the fruit comes in contact with water. That property makes it as a very good natural cleanser and many medicinal uses. Some of the main uses and benefits are as follows:

Hair care and skin care: Centuries have passed, and people use ritha as a substitute for shampoo and soap. The saponins present in this fruit gently clean the skin and hair; hence, it is very good for people with sensitive skin or allergic to commercially prepared soaps. It cures dandruff and aids in improving hair health by making it shinier and stronger.

Insecticides and Pesticides: Saponins present in Ritha work as a natural insecticide in organic farming and gardening. It wards off the pests with its antimicrobial action, hence it is an eco-friendly way of handling pests.

Medicinal Uses:

Cough Treatment: Traditionally, Ritha has been used to treat cough and respiratory problems. It works as an expectorant, clearing the airways.

Anemia - Raktapitta: The balancing features of Ritha help to maintain the fluid mechanism and improve the circulation. Hence, it is useful for anemic patients.

Epilepsy: Ritha has traditionally been used for treating epilepsy, relieving patients from seizures.

Cleaning and Household: Saponin content makes Ritha a natural effective detergent. It finds wide application in households for washing clothes, cleaning surfaces, and even dishwashing-all sans harsh chemicals found in commercial cleaning products.

Means of Use

Ritha is available for use in various forms, according to requirements:

For Hair Care: The fruit of Ritha is then soaked in water overnight for use as a shampoo. The liquid is strained the next day and used as shampoo. The natural foam that forms gently cleanses the scalp and hair without stripping away natural oils.

As a Laundry Detergent: The fruits are dried, which can be placed in a cloth bag and thrown into the wash. The saponins are released during the wash, hence acting like a detergent.

For Cough and Respiratory Issues: The decoction made by boiling Ritha in water is consumed to treat a cough. It helps drain the mucus, and relieves congestion.

Insect Repellent: The insect repellent extract may be sprayed around the house or on the plants obtained from Soapnut is an organic, environmentally-friendly extract.

Conservation Status

Ritha is a prioritized non-timber forest product in Nepal. The multidimensional uses and role of this species in promoting sustainable practices have drawn the attention of the Government of Nepal for its cultivation and conservation. Sustainable harvesting of Ritha will be continued in the future by preserving its natural habitat.

Reference

Hindi To Nepali Dictionary Words Starting From बो

100 Common Nepali Slang Words with Hindi Translation: A Fun Guide to Understanding Nepali Conversations

Bridging Cultures: Daily Use Hindi Sentences in Parties with Nepali Meaning

Daily Hindi Sentences for Kids with Nepali Translations: A Simple Guide

Daily Office Sentences: Essential Hindi-Nepali Translations for Everyday Use

Daily Use Hindi Sentences for Parents with Nepali Meanings: A Guide for Everyday Conversations

Daily Use Hindi Sentences for Students with Nepali Meaning

Essential Daily Sentences for Market Conversations: Hindi to Nepali and Vice-Versa

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