Lauthsalla (Himalayan Yew): लौठसल्ला An Essential Medicinal Herb for Cancer Treatment, Conservation, and Traditional Uses ~ NepalAyurveds.com

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Lauthsalla (Himalayan Yew): लौठसल्ला An Essential Medicinal Herb for Cancer Treatment, Conservation, and Traditional Uses

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Lauthsalla (Himalayan Yew): लौठसल्ला An Essential Medicinal Herb for Cancer Treatment, Conservation, and Traditional Uses

लौठसल्ला (Himalayan Yew)

वैज्ञानिक नाम: Taxus wallichiana Zucc

परिवार: Taxaceae

परिचयः

लौठसल्ला एक सदाबहार रूख हो, जुन करिब ३० मिटर उचाईसम्म पुग्न सक्छ। यो रूखको बोक्रा पातलो, खैरो र थोरै

कट्टा परेको हुन्छ। यसको पातहरू मसिना र लाम्चा हुन्छन्, माथिल्लो भाग गाढा हरियो र तल्लो भाग हल्का हरियो हुन्छ। पातको टुप्पो फाटेको हुँदैन, र यसको फल १ से.मी. भन्दा सानो, गाढा रातो रंगको हुन्छ जसले बीउलाई केही मात्रामा ढाकेको हुन्छ।

उपलब्धता:

लौठसल्ला नेपालका २३०० देखि ३४०० मिटर उचाईसम्म पाइन्छ, विशेष गरी पश्चिम नेपालमा यसको ठूलो मात्रामा वितरण हुन्छ।

व्यापारमा आउने भागः

यसको व्यापारमा प्रयोग हुने मुख्य भाग पात हो।

सङ्कलन समयः

लौठसल्लाको पातहरू २० से.मी. भन्दा ठूलो व्यास भएका रूखहरूबाट मात्र सङ्कलन गरिन्छ। यसको पात माघदेखि चैतसम्म सङ्कलन गरिन्छ।

प्रयोगः

लौठसल्लाको पातमा Taxol को कच्चा पदार्थ (10-De Acetyl Baccatin) पाइन्छ, जुन स्तन र पाठेघरको क्यान्सरको उपचारमा प्रयोग हुने महत्त्वपूर्ण रसायन हो। साथै, यसको बोक्रा रंगाउन प्रयोग गरिन्छ, र यसको फल गुदीदार हुन्छ जसलाई खान पनि सकिन्छ।

स्थानीय रूपमा, यसको पातलाई छारे रोग, दम, खोकी, र घाँटी दुख्दा प्रयोग गरिन्छ।

संरक्षणको अवस्थाः

नेपाल सरकारले लौठसल्लालाई संरक्षण र खेतीको प्राथमिकतामा राखेको छ। यसलाई प्रशोधन नगरिकन विदेश निर्यात गर्न प्रतिवन्ध लगाइएको छ। साथै, यो CITES को अनुसूची २ मा सूचीकृत छ, जसले यसको अन्तर्राष्ट्रिय व्यापारलाई नियन्त्रित गर्छ।

Lauthsalla or लौठसल्ला is commonly known as the Himalayan Yew. It is a big, evergreen tree with an average height of approximately 30 meters. Scientifically, this tree is known as Taxus wallichiana Zucc and belongs to the Taxaceae family. This plant is widely found in hilly and mountainous areas of Nepal. The value of Lauthsalla in traditional medicine and modern pharmaceutical industries, especially in the treatment of cancer, is undeniable. This detailed overview covers benefits, medicinal properties, and conservation status in Nepal.

Harvesting and Commercial Importance:

Harvesting Time:

Lauthsalla's leaves are harvested between February and April. Only mature trees that have more than a 20-cm diameter trunk are considered fit for collecting their leaves. This helps in ensuring that there is sustainable harvesting of this resource to preserve the species.

Commercial Parts Used:

The trade dealing with the Lauthsalla tree mainly involves its leaves, which turn light brown when dried. Sometimes, a few of the dried fruit is traded together with the leaves. The leaves contain high amounts of medicinal compounds.

Medicinal Properties and Uses:

Cancer Treatment:

The most important discovery related to Lauthsalla is with its use in cancer treatment. The leaves of the Himalayan Yew contain a chemical precursor called 10-Deacetylbaccatin to the compound known as Taxol. Taxol, one of the extremely useful medicines for breast and ovarian cancers, has identified Lauthsalla as one of the greatest contenders in cancer research, hence making it the most valuable tree in the world.

It interferes with the cell division process of the cancerous cells and hampers the growth and proliferation of the latter. It is chiefly employed in chemotherapy, especially for breast, ovarian, and lung cancer.

Leaves are meticulously processed to procure the required compound for the manufacture of this lifesaving drug.

Traditional Uses:

Lauthsalla has been used traditionally since time immemorial. The following are the local uses of Lauthsalla:

Respiratory Disorders: Leaves are administered to treat asthma, chronic cough, and bronchitis.

Epilepsy and Seizures: This plant is said to give relief to epileptic people or those suffering from seizures.

Digestive Problems: Even the leaves and the bark of this tree have been used for indigestion and stomach ache.

Throat Pain: In local villages, its leaves are used for making tea, through which there is relief in sore throats and cough.

Dyeing Matter: Bark is used for natural dyes, particularly to color materials needed in carrying out rituals. Conservation Status

Lauthsalla is listed under CITES Appendix II, which justifies it as a species not currently threatened with extinction but is likely to become so unless its trade is closely controlled. Nepal has gone a long way in protecting this valuable tree by prohibiting the export of the same without processing. The government has also given priority to its cultivation and conservation so that over-exploitation of the species may be prevented on account of high demand in the pharmaceutical industries.

Protection Measures:

Ban on Unprocessed Export: The government of Nepal has issued strict regulations, including the ban on exporting the leaves without processing them within the country. That way, it ensures protection of the species and also of local economic development.

Cultivation Initiatives: This government promotes Lauthsalla cultivation to lessen pressure on wild populations and to meet the growing demand for its medicinal compounds.

Conservation Efforts in Nepal:

Recognizing the growing importance of Lauthsalla has led to conservation efforts focused on preserving its natural habitat and promoting sustainable harvesting. There are several NGOs that work in collaboration with local communities and government agencies to raise awareness regarding the pros and cons of over-harvesting this species.

Community-based Forest Management: Most forests where Lauthsalla grow are managed at the community level. These initiatives involve the local residents in the conservation process while realizing an income generation through sustainable harvesting.

Research on Sustainable Use: Ongoing research considers how the yield of Taxol can be increased with least damage to the tree. This is important, both for the pharmaceutical industry and the conservation of Lauthsalla.

Reforestation Programs: Deforested areas are being replanted with Lauthsalla to ensure its long-term survival.

Challenges in Conservation:

Despite all these efforts, there are still several challenges ahead:

Over-harvesting: The high demand for Taxol has given rise to over-harvesting in certain areas, which seriously threatens the survival of the species. There is an illegal trade that, even today, despite restrictions, goes on and inflicts additional pressure upon the species. Change in Climate: The shifting climate of the environment alters the ecological suitability for Lauthsalla; hence, it is difficult for the tree species to survive in certain regions. Sustainable Future:

Its medicinal compounds will need to be balanced carefully with conservation at Lauthsalla if its future is to be ensured. This means that the institution of sustainable harvesting practices, increased enforcement of trade regulation, and continued research are necessary for ensuring that this marvelous tree will be able to benefit coming generations.

Conclusion:

Lauthsalla, or the Himalayan Yew, holds immense cultural and traditional value in Nepal; it is also known for its recognition as an essential ingredient in modern medicine, especially for cancer treatment. With the medicinal value-especially the saving element Taxol-Lauthsalla has been included in both local traditions and the global health industry. However, it is still crucial to ensure that its usage is sustainable and conserved in order for this important natural resource to be passed to successive generations. Good management and rearing practices with strict adherence to conservation policies will be the main key to the critical balance between use and preservation of this species.

Reference

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