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KaaliKosa, कालीकोसा, Cynanchum auriculatum

 

KaaliKosa, कालीकोसा, Cynanchum auriculatum

यो झाडी २०००-३८०० मिटरमा पाइन्छ यसको फूल हरियोमा सेतो / प्याजी हुन्छ फलमा बीज रहन्छ। यसको सर्वाङ्ग धूलो-स्वरस वटीले पित्तरोग, पखाला, कमलपित्त, पेट दुख्ने, ज्वर, कान दुख्ने - पाक्ने आदि सन्चो गराउँछ। मात्रा : - ग्राम - पटक यसको काँढापानी / माना, अर्क २० - ३० ग्राम

    पिउनाले टुक्रा चुस्नाले छिटो लाभ पुऱ्याउँछ

    परिचय

    कालीकोसा (Cynanchum auriculatum) एक प्रकारको औषधीय गुण भएको वनस्पति हो। यो एस्क्लेपियाडेसी (Asclepiadaceae) परिवारमा पर्छ। यो झाडी नेपालका विभिन्न हिमाली उप-हिमाली क्षेत्रहरूमा पाइन्छ। यसको औषधीय गुणका कारण यो परम्परागत चिकित्सामा धेरै प्रयोग गरिन्छ। यसले विभिन्न रोगहरूको उपचारमा महत्त्वपूर्ण भूमिका खेल्छ।

    नेपाल अन्य देशहरूमा उपलब्धता

    कालीकोसा नेपालको २००० देखि ३८०० मिटरको उचाइमा पाइन्छ। यो विशेष गरी हिमाली क्षेत्रहरू जस्तै मनाङ, मुस्ताङ, डोल्पा, रसुवा लगायतका जिल्लाहरूमा पाइन्छ। यसको प्राकृतिक वासस्थान ठण्डा अर्ध-ठण्डा क्षेत्रहरू हुन्। नेपाल बाहेक यो भारत, चीन, तिब्बत, भूटान जस्ता देशहरूमा पनि पाइन्छ। यो वनस्पति विशेष गरी पहाडी हिमाली क्षेत्रहरूमा प्राकृतिक रूपमा उम्रन्छ।

    शारीरिक गुणहरू

    कालीकोसा एउटा झाडीदार वनस्पति हो। यसको उचाइ देखि मिटरसम्म हुन सक्छ। यसको पातहरू साधारणतया लामा अण्डाकार हुन्छन्। यसको फूलहरू हरियोमा सेतो वा प्याजी रंगका हुन्छन्। फूलहरू साना गुच्छामा फुल्छन्। यसको फलहरूमा बीज हुन्छन्, जुन पाकेपछि फुट्छन् बीजहरू बाहिर निस्कन्छन्। यसको जरा मोटो गहिरो रंगको हुन्छ, जसमा औषधीय गुणहरू धेरै हुन्छन्।

    औषधीय गुणहरू

    कालीकोसा धेरै औषधीय गुणहरूले भरिपूर्ण छ। यसको सर्वाङ्ग (जरा, पात, फूल, फल) धूलो, स्वरस, वटी, अर्क आदि बनाउन प्रयोग गरिन्छ। यसले पित्तरोग, पखाला, कमलपित्त, पेट दुख्ने, ज्वर, कान दुख्ने, कान पाक्ने जस्ता रोगहरूको उपचारमा मद्दत गर्छ। यसले शरीरको प्रतिरोधात्मक क्षमता बढाउन मद्दत गर्छ विभिन्न संक्रमणहरूबाट बचाउँछ।

    फाइदाहरू

    कालीकोसाको प्रयोगले धेरै स्वास्थ्य लाभहरू प्रदान गर्छ। यसले पाचन प्रणालीलाई सुधार गर्छ, ज्वर घटाउँछ, शरीरबाट विषाक्त पदार्थहरू बाहिर निकाल्छ। यसले कान सम्बन्धी समस्याहरू जस्तै कान दुख्ने पाक्नेलाई पनि राम्रोसँग नियन्त्रण गर्छ। यसले पित्त सम्बन्धी समस्याहरू जस्तै पित्तरोग कमलपित्तलाई पनि नियन्त्रण गर्छ। यसले शरीरको सामान्य कार्यप्रणालीलाई सुधार गर्छ रोग प्रतिरोधक क्षमता बढाउँछ।

    प्रयोग विधि

    कालीकोसालाई विभिन्न रूपमा प्रयोग गर्न सकिन्छ। यसको जरा, पात, फूल, फलहरू धूलो, स्वरस, वटी, अर्क बनाउन प्रयोग गरिन्छ। यसको धूलो - ग्राम मात्रामा दिनमा - पटक सेवन गर्न सकिन्छ। यसको काँढापानी / माना मात्रामा पिउनाले धेरै रोगहरूमा लाभदायक हुन्छ। यसको अर्क २०-३० ग्राम मात्रामा पिउनाले पनि धेरै फाइदा हुन्छ। यसको टुक्रा चुस्नाले पनि छिटो लाभ पुग्छ।

    खेती, संग्रह संरक्षण

    कालीकोसा प्राकृतिक रूपमा उम्रने वनस्पति हो। यसलाई खेती गर्न पनि सकिन्छ। यसको खेतीका लागि ठण्डा अर्ध-ठण्डा क्षेत्रहरू उपयुक्त हुन्छन्। यसको बीउबाट रोप्न सकिन्छ। यसको जरा, पात, फूल, फलहरू संग्रह गरी सुकाएर संरक्षण गर्न सकिन्छ। यसलाई सुकाएपछि एयरटाइट कन्टेनरमा राख्नुपर्छ ठूलो समयसम्म प्रयोग गर्न सकिन्छ।

    निष्कर्ष

    कालीकोसा (Cynanchum auriculatum) एक महत्त्वपूर्ण औषधीय वनस्पति हो। यसले विभिन्न रोगहरूको उपचारमा महत्त्वपूर्ण भूमिका खेल्छ। यो नेपालका हिमाली उप-हिमाली क्षेत्रहरूमा प्राकृतिक रूपमा पाइन्छ। यसको धूलो, स्वरस, वटी, अर्क बनाएर विभिन्न रोगहरूको उपचार गर्न सकिन्छ। यसले पित्तरोग, पखाला, कमलपित्त, पेट दुख्ने, ज्वर, कान दुख्ने, कान पाक्ने जस्ता समस्याहरूको उपचारमा मद्दत गर्छ। यसको प्रयोगले शरीरको प्रतिरोधात्मक क्षमता बढाउन मद्दत गर्छ विभिन्न संक्रमणहरूबाट बचाउँछ। यसलाई खेती गरी संग्रह संरक्षण गर्न सकिन्छ। यसरी कालीकोसा परम्परागत चिकित्सामा एक महत्त्वपूर्ण औषधीय वनस्पति हो।

    Introduction

    Cynanchum auriculatum, known locally in Nepal as "कालीकोसा" (KaaliKosa), is a perennial climbing vine belonging to the Apocynaceae family. This plant is recognized for its medicinal properties and has been utilized in traditional medicine across various cultures. In China, it's referred to as "niu pi xiao" (牛皮消), which translates to "leather eater," possibly alluding to its robust nature or traditional uses.

    Availability in Nepal and Other Countries

    Cynanchum auriculatum thrives in temperate and tropical regions of Asia. In Nepal, it is commonly found at elevations ranging from 2,000 to 3,800 meters, particularly in mountainous shrubland terrains. Beyond Nepal, its distribution extends to China, especially in the Sichuan, Xizang, and Yunnan provinces, as well as Bhutan, northern India, and Pakistan, including the Kashmir region.

    Physical Properties

    This climbing vine features distinctive greenish-white or pale pink flowers that bloom between June and August. Following the flowering period, it produces fruits containing seeds from August to December. The plant's tuberous roots are notable for their medicinal value and are often harvested for therapeutic applications.

    Medicinal Properties

    Cynanchum auriculatum has been traditionally used to treat various ailments. Its applications include addressing digestive disorders such as anorexia, enteritis, dysentery, and indigestion. Additionally, studies have highlighted its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory effects, primarily attributed to the polysaccharides present in the plant.

    The plant also exhibits cytotoxic properties against certain cancer cell lines, suggesting potential anticancer benefits.

    Advantages and Uses

    The therapeutic advantages of Cynanchum auriculatum are diverse:

    • Digestive Health: Traditionally used to alleviate conditions like indigestion, enteritis, and dysentery.
    • Immune System Support: Compounds in the plant may enhance immunity by improving the phagocytic activity of macrophages.
    • Antioxidant Properties: The plant contains phenolic compounds that contribute to its antioxidant activity, which can help in neutralizing harmful free radicals in the body.
    • Anticancer Potential: Certain compounds, such as C21-steroidal glycosides, have shown cytotoxic and apoptosis-inducing properties against specific cancer cell lines.

    Using Methods

    Traditionally, various parts of Cynanchum auriculatum are prepared and administered in specific ways:

    • Powdered Form: The whole plant can be dried and ground into a powder. A typical dosage is 3-5 grams, taken 2-3 times daily. This preparation is used to address conditions like digestive disorders, fever, and earaches.
    • Decoction: A concoction made by boiling the plant material in water. Consuming 20-30 grams of this decoction or chewing small pieces of the root is believed to provide quick relief from ailments.

    Harvesting and Preservation

    The optimal time for harvesting Cynanchum auriculatum is during the late autumn to early winter months when the plant's active compounds are at their peak. The tuberous roots, being the primary medicinal component, should be carefully excavated to prevent damage. Post-harvest, the roots are cleaned thoroughly to remove soil and other impurities. They are then sliced into uniform pieces and dried in a well-ventilated, shaded area to preserve their medicinal properties. Once completely dried, the roots should be stored in airtight containers, away from moisture and direct sunlight, to maintain their efficacy over time.

    Conclusion

    Cynanchum auriculatum, or KaaliKosa, stands as a testament to the rich heritage of traditional medicine in Nepal and other Asian countries. Its wide range of medicinal properties, from aiding digestion to potential anticancer effects, underscores its significance in herbal remedies. Proper harvesting and preservation techniques are crucial to ensure the plant's therapeutic benefits are retained. As with any medicinal herb, it's essential to consult with healthcare professionals before incorporating it into treatment regimens to ensure safety and efficacy.

     


    Reference

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